دخلها فاتحاً فكان أول ما أحياه فيها بعد المساجد هي الأوقاف… كي أعاد صلاح الدين لمدينة القدس هويتها الإسلامية بعد الفتح المظفر وإعادتها من يد الصليبيين؟
سَكَنتِ الحياةُ طويلاً في هذهِ البُقعةِ المقدسة، وصمتتِ الأصواتُ التي تُلامسُ القلوبَ، كانتِ الأوقافُ منذُ عهدِ دخولِ عمرَ بنِ الخطابِ رضيَ اللهُ عنه إليها في القرنِ الخامسَ عشرَ للهجرةِ قدْ عَرفتِ ازدهاراً كبيراً، تلا ذلكَ التوسعَ، تطورٌ في العهدِ الأمويِّ، ثمَّ العباسيّ، لكنَّه ما لَبِثَ أنْ خفَّ ضجيجُها الجميلُ معَ سيطرةِ الصليبيينَ عليها.
لكنَّ هذا الخفوتَ قد بدأَ بالتحولِ ما إنْ دخلَها صلاحُ الدينِ الأيوبيُ ذاتَ يومٍ منْ عامِ خمسِمئةٍ وثلاثةٍ وثمانينَ للهجرةِ، الموافقِ لعامِ ألفٍ ومئةٍ وسبعةٍ وثمانينَ للميلاد.
إليكَ هذا المشهد..
«لَمّا تطهَّرَ بيتُ المقدسِ ممَّا كانَ فيه منَ الصُلبانِ والنواقيسِ والرُّهبان، ودخلَه أهلُ الإيمان، ونُودِيَ بالأذانِ، وقُرِئَ القرآنُ، ووُحِّدَ الرحمنُ، وأقيمتْ أولُ جُمُعةٍ في اليومِ الرابعِ منْ شعبانَ، بعدَ يومِ الفتحِ بثمان، وامتلأَ الجامعُ وسالتْ لرقةِ القلوبِ المدامعُ، ولمَّا أذَّنَ المؤذنونَ للصلاةِ قبلَ الزوالِ كادتِ القلوبُ تطيرُ منَ الفرحِ في ذلكَ الحالِ، فحُمِلتِ المصاحفُ ورُمِّمتِ المساجدُ، ولكي تستمرَّ وتدبَّ الحياةُ في المدينةِ، أولُ ما فَكَّرَ فيه صلاحُ الدينِ الأوقافُ، فحَبَسَ الأوقافَ -بدايةً- التي تُصرَفُ على إمامِ المسجدِ الأقصى والعاملينَ فيه، ثمَّ تتالتِ الأوقافُ والتي طالتْ كلَّ ما يُصلِحُ البلادَ والعبادَ، الخانقاهاتُ الإصلاحيةُ للزاهدينَ والعابدينَ، وأوقافٌ على الأسواقِ والحمّاماتِ والدكاكينِ والحوانيتِ مازالتِ البلدةُ القديمةُ تحتضنُها، وأوقافٌ صحيةٌ، منها البيمارستانُ الصلاحيُّ الذي كانَ يحتضنُ المرضَى ويُعنَى بشفائِهِم ويُعرَفُ أيضا بتدريسِ علومِ الطبِّ، وتطويرِ الأدويةِ والعقاقيرِ، وأوقافٌ اجتماعيةٌ عمَّتِ الأيتامَ والأراملَ والمساكينَ، وأخرى على الماءِ وحتى على القبور.
لقدْ أعادتْ هذه الأوقافُ الحياةَ على كلِّ المستوياتِ إلى القدس، إذْ مازالتْ تُرفَدُ منْ خيرِها حتى اليوم..
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